The artifacts left by these cultures include clay and stone statues, carvings on palace walls, carved ivory, some wall paintings, and jewelry. These items illustrate the clothing, hairdressing, and body adornment of these cultures as well as how these cultures idealized the human form.

While these visual forms provide costume historians with a great deal of information, of even greater interest are the written tablets that have been discovered. The development of written language in Mesopotamia provides historians and archeologists, scientists who study past cultures, with information about daily life in the distant past.

Cylinder seals were used for different things like, showing ownership, name and record of agreement. How it works is by taking the seal and rolling it in wet clay. They were probably the first stamps. The result came out as a raised nice picture. This was the beginning of cuneiform writing. It was important for communication and signatures at the bottom of tablets.

Beads from the Akkadian period (ca. 2350 B.C.) site of Nippur in Iraq have been the subject of extensive analytical investigation. Among the artifacts studied are two beads that are the earliest recovered from ancient Southwest Asia. One is a soda-lime-silicate composition with 30-micron calcium-silicate crystals, evidence of an unusually long heat treatment.

The other is a lead-silicate, copper green composition with six phases present, including calcium-magnesium silicates and yellow lead-stannate; the latter was previously thought to be a glass colorant first used in Roman times. These beads, along with other glass materials and the remains of furnaces, have revealed a complex pyrotechnology that may have a developmental link to the processing of metal.

Standing female figure( statue) of a standing woman with her hands clasped in front of her chest was found in the plasterings of a mud-brick bench located in one of the cellars of the Nippur temple of Inanna, the Sumerian goddess of abundance. Her garment is draped over her left shoulder and falls in folds indicated by two incised lines along the border of the otherwise smooth fabric.

Some of the Mesopotamian artifacts are administrative tablet with cylinder seal impression of a male figure, hunting; Standing male worshipper; Headdress with leaf-shaped ornaments; Cylinder seal and modern impression: hunting scene; Seated statue of Gudea; Head of a male; Molded plaque with a king or god carrying a mace; Necklace pendants and beads; Sickle sword; Relief: king and eunuch attendant; Human-headed winged lion (lamassu); Nubian with oryx, monkey, and leopard skins; and Cylinder seal and modern impression: Ishtar image and worshipper below a canopy.